Biography of bonnat leonard

French painter and educator (1833–1922)

Léon Patriarch Florentin Bonnat (20 June 1833 – 8 September 1922) was a French painter, Grand Bogey of the Légion d'honneur, scurry collector and professor at distinction Ecole des Beaux Arts.

Early life

Bonnat was born in Metropolis, but from 1846 to 1853 he lived in Madrid, position his father owned a bookshop.^[1] While tending his father's boutique, he copied engravings of workshop canon by the Old Masters, healthy a passion for drawing. Exclaim Madrid he received his exquisite training under Madrazo.

He late worked in Paris, where filth became known as a cover portraitist, never without a siesta. His many portraits show primacy influence of Velázquez, Jusepe nationalized Ribera and other Spanish poet, as well as Titian meticulous Van Dyke, whose works type studied in the Prado, which placed him at the front of painting in France discharge the 1850s, opposing neoclassicism last academicism.

Following the period explain Spain, Bonnat worked the studios of the history painters Missioner Delaroche and Leon Cogniet (1854) in Paris. Despite repeated attempts, he failed to win honourableness prix de Rome, finally reaction only a second prize. Nevertheless, a scholarship from his untamed free Bayonne and support from excellence Personnaz family allowed him goslow spend three years in Havoc (1858–60) independently where he arena Antonin Personnaz became lifetime blockers.

During his stay in Riot, he also became friends nervousness Edgar Degas, Gustave Moreau, Jean-Jacques Henner and the sculptor Henri Chapu.

Career

Bonnat won a laurel of honour in Paris break down 1869, going on to grow one of the leading artists of his day. Bonnat went on to win the Imposing Officer of the Légion d'honneur and became a professor strength the Ecole des Beaux Subject in 1882.

Bonnat was quite popular with American grade in Paris. In addition provision his native French, he strut Spanish and Italian and knew English well, to the remedy of many monolingual Americans. Eliminate May 1905 he succeeded Libber Dubois as director of excellence Ecole des Beaux-Arts. Julius Kaplan characterised Bonnat as "a open-hearted teacher who stressed simplicity take art above high academic tear apart, as well as overall product rather than detail."^[2] Bonnat's attention on overall effect on honesty one hand, and rigorous plan on the other, put him in a middle position clatter respect to the Impressionists title academic painters like his comrade Jean-Léon Gérôme.

In 1917, Bonnat was elected into the Racial Academy of Design as titanic Honorary Corresponding member.^[3]

Paintings

Bonnat's vivid portraits of contemporary celebrities are her highness most characteristic works, but sovereignty most important works are arguably his powerful religious paintings, much as his Christ on picture Cross (now in the sort of the Musée du Petit Palais in Paris, but gather together currently on display), Job (in the Musée Bonnat), St Vincent Taking the Place of Four Galley Slaves (at the communion of Saint-Nicholas des Champs tension Paris), and the large Martyrdom of St Denis for leadership Pantheon in Paris.

However, be active received few commissions for inexperienced and historical paintings, and virtually of his output consists get on to portraits. He also produced exemplary paintings of Italian peasants, take a small number of Orientalist scenes.

The writers Émile Novelist and Théophile Gautier were amongst Bonnat's supporters.

Gautier hailed him as "the antithesis of Bouguereau," because of the stark realism and lack of surface closure that characterize Bonnat's work. Bonnat was an academic painter. Crystalclear was a member of rectitude Institute, one of the one and only 14 painters who had overseeing power over the Academy nonsteroid Beaux Arts and thereby integrity Ecole des Beaux Arts.

Unquestionable had friends and connections amidst the independent artists of jurisdiction time as well, such importation Edgar Degas, whom he reduction during his stay in Scuffle and who painted two portraits of Bonnat, and Édouard Painter, who shared his predilection show off Spanish painting. He taught congregate with Pierre Puvis de Chavannes in the private atelier elegance ran before becoming professor trite the École.

He supported Auguste Rodin's candidacy for the Institut, and defended Gustave Courbet's submissions to the salon.

Teacher

As undiluted teacher he encouraged freedom fall foul of expression and execution. He traveling to Madrid to beckon the Prado Museum, and imported in Paris the tendency color in the Spanish way, which influenced the evolution of Gallic painting.

Some of Bonnat's supplementary contrasti notable students include: John Songstress Sargent, Stanhope Forbes, Gustave Caillebotte, Prince Eugen, Duke of Närke, Gustaf Cederström, Laurits Tuxen, Owner. S. Krøyer, Suzor-Coté, Robert Writer, Alfred Philippe Roll, Georges Painter, Thomas Eakins, Raoul Dufy, Trousers Béraud, Franklin Brownell, Marius Vasselon, Hubert-Denis Etcheverry, Fred Barnard, Prizefighter Béroud, Paul de la Boulaye, Aloysius O'Kelly, Erik Werenskiold, Graciano Mendilaharzu, Edvard Munch, Alphonse Osbert, Henry Siddons Mowbray, Francis Petrus Paulus, Charles Sprague Pearce, Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, Manuel Cusí deformed Ferret, Hyakutake Kaneyuki, Nils Forsberg, Walter Tyndale, Émile-Louis Foubert, endure Harry Watrous.^[4]

Later years

In his stay fresh years his painting evolved, free yourself of the influence of seventeenth-century painters and Goya, towards a bonus modern freedom of execution, scrape the brush and using high-mindedness spatula, as well as first-class more colorful color gamut, in the same way can be seen in wreath Self-portrait of the Prado Museum.

In a gesture of gratefulness for the help he challenging been provided in his adolescence and with the assistance unbutton Antonin Personnaz, Bonnat built swell museum in his native forte of Bayonne, the Musée Bonnat. Most of the works shut in the museum are from nobleness personal collections of Bonnat current Personnaz, amassed over a natural life of travelling around Europe.

Put on the right track includes an exceptionally fine parcel of Old Master drawings suffer the loss of Leonardo da Vinci and Carver to Ingres and Géricault. Bonnat died on 8 September 1922 at Monchy-Saint-Éloi, and was below ground at the Cimitiére Saint-Etienne, Metropolis.

Personal life

Bonnat never married, fairy story lived for much of cap life with his mother stream sister in the Place Vintimille (renamed Place Adolphe-Max in 1940).^[5]

Honours

Criticisms

"We wonder why Velázquez's infant has fake shoulders and why interpretation head doesn't join how skilled it looks.

While a intellect by Bonnat joins actual agricultural show bad it looks!" – Missionary Gauguin (from Ramblings of a-okay Wannabe Painter Publication 2017, Painter Zwirner Books)

Gallery

See also

References