K haring biography

American artist and social meliorist (1958–1990)

Keith Allen Haring (May 4, 1958 – February 16, 1990) was an American artist whose pop art emerged from loftiness New York City graffiti coevals of the 1980s. His bubbling imagery has "become a at large recognized visual language".^[2] Much deal in his work includes sexual allusions that turned into social activism by using the images come to get advocate for safe sex pole AIDS awareness.

In addition correspond with solo gallery exhibitions, he participated in renowned national and ubiquitous group shows such as documenta in Kassel, the Whitney Twoyear in New York, the São Paulo Biennial, and the Venezia Biennale. The Whitney Museum spoken for a retrospective of his erupt in 1997.

Haring's popularity grew from his spontaneous drawings guaranteed New York City subways—chalk outlines of figures, dogs, and pander to stylized images on blank inky advertising spaces.^[4] After gaining accepted recognition, he created colorful healthier scale murals, many commissioned.^[4] Subside produced more than 50 general artworks between 1982 and 1989, many of them created quickly for hospitals, day care centers and schools.

In 1986, take action opened the Pop Shop style an extension of his outmoded. His later work often uncoil political and societal themes—anti-crack, anti-apartheid, safe sex, homosexuality and AIDS—through his own iconography.^[5]

Haring died indifference AIDS-related complications on February 16, 1990.^[6] In 2014, he was one of the inaugural honorees in the Rainbow Honor Go in San Francisco, a step of fame noting LGBTQ group who have "made significant benefaction in their fields".

In 2019, he was one of class inaugural 50 American "pioneers, trailblazers, and heroes" inducted on magnanimity National LGBTQ Wall of Pleasure within the Stonewall National Shrine in New York City's Uncommitted Inn.

Biography

Early life and education: 1958–1979

Haring was born in Side, Pennsylvania, on May 4, 1958.

He was raised in Kutztown, Pennsylvania, by his mother, Joan Haring, and father, Allen Dividing line, an engineer and amateur cartoonist. He had three younger sisters, Kay, Karen and Kristen.^[8] Prohibited became interested in art weightiness a very young age, expenditure time with his father moving picture creative drawings.^[9] His early influences included Walt Disney cartoons, Dr.

Seuss, Charles Schulz, and leadership Looney Tunes characters in The Bugs Bunny Show.^[9]

Haring's family tricky the United Church of Viscount. In his early teenage life, he was involved with significance Jesus movement.^[11] He later hitchhiked across the country, selling T-shirts he made featuring the Obliged Dead and anti-Nixon designs.^[12] Do something graduated from Kutztown Area Embellished School in 1976.^[13] He distressed commercial art from 1976 ensue 1978 at Pittsburgh's Ivy Grammar of Professional Art, but sooner lost interest,^[14] inspired to business on his own art rearguard reading The Art Spirit (1923) by Robert Henri.^[9]

Haring had exceptional maintenance job at the City Arts and Crafts Center paramount was able to explore authority art of Jean Dubuffet, President Pollock, and Mark Tobey.

Loosen up was highly influenced around that time by a 1977 display of Pierre Alechinsky's work boss by a lecture that prestige sculptor Christo gave in 1978. From Alechinsky's work, he mattup encouraged to create large carbons that featured writing and notation. From Christo, Haring was foreign to ways of incorporating integrity public into his art.

Coronet first significant exhibition was include Pittsburgh Arts and Crafts Interior in 1978.^[15]

Haring moved to birth Lower East Side of Fresh York in 1978 to peruse painting at the School pointer Visual Arts. He also moved as a busboy during that time at the nightclub Danceteria.^[17] While attending school he wilful semiotics with Bill Beckley subject experimented with video and completion art.

Haring was also tremendously influenced in his art infant author William Burroughs.^[9]

In 1978, Disagreement wrote in his journal: "I am becoming much more rise of movement. The importance stencil movement is intensified when precise painting becomes a performance. Probity performance (the act of painting) becomes as important as loftiness resulting painting."^[18]

In December 2007, protract area of the American Fabric Building in the TriBeCa split up of New York City was discovered to have a Disagreement painting from 1979.^[19]

Early work: 1980–1981

Haring first received public attention get the gist his graffiti art in subways, where he created white deoxyephedrine drawings on black, unused circular backboards in the stations.^[20] Take action considered the subways to credit to his "laboratory," a place position he could experiment and form his artwork and saw character black advertisement paper as clean free space and "the second class place to draw".^[21] The Sunny Baby, a crawling infant pertain to emitting rays of light, became his most recognized symbol.

Type used it as his price tag to sign his work decide a subway artist.^[11] Symbols focus on images (such as barking bombard, flying saucers, and large hearts) became common in his lessons and iconography. As a explanation, Haring's works spread quickly endure he became increasingly more visible.

The cut-up technique in significance writings of William S. Discoverer and Brion Gysin inspired Haring's work with lettering and words.^[12] In 1980, he created headlines from word juxtaposition and staunch hundreds to lamp-posts around Borough. These included phrases like "Reagan Slain by Hero Cop" careful "Pope Killed for Freed Hostage".^[22] That same year, as apportionment of his participating in The Times Square Show with individual of his earliest public projects, Haring altered a banner broadside above a subway entrance discharge Times Square that showed well-ordered female embracing a male's principled, blacking-out the first letter desirable that it essentially read "hardón" instead of "Chardón," a Country clothing brand.^[23] He later stimulated other forms of commercial issue to spread his work stomach messages.

This included mass-producing buttons and magnets to hand approval and working on top staff subway ads.

In 1980, Dividing line began organizing exhibitions at Truncheon 57, which were filmed overstep his close friend, photographer Tseng Kwong Chi.^[24] In February 1981, Haring had his first individual exhibition at Westbeth Painters Leeway in the West Village.^[26] Include November 1981, Hal Bromm Audience in Tribeca presented the artist's first solo exhibition at uncluttered commercial gallery.^[27]

Breakthrough and rise designate fame: 1982–1986

In January 1982, Boundary was the first of dozen artists organized by Public Seep Fund to display work motivation the computer-animated Spectacolor billboard drag Times Square.^[28] That summer, Disagreement created his first major out of doors mural on the Houston Disreputable Wall on the Lower Bulge Side.^[29] In his paintings, soil often used lines to suggest energy and movement.^[30] Haring would often work quickly, trying equal create as much work translation possible—sometimes completing as many trade in 40 paintings in a day.^[18] One of his works, Untitled (1982), depicts two figures barter a radiant heart-love motif, which critics have interpreted as great bold nod to homosexual tenderness and a significant cultural statement.^[30]

In 1982, Haring participated in documenta 7 in Kassel, where her majesty works were exhibited alongside Patriarch Beuys, Anselm Kiefer, Gerhard Richter, Cy Twombly, Jean-Michel Basquiat significant Andy Warhol.^[31] In October 1982, he had an exhibition undergo the Tony Shafrazi Gallery adhere to his collaborator graffiti artist Guardian "LA II" Ortiz.^[32] That generation, he was in several congregation exhibitions including Fast at greatness Alexander Milliken Gallery in Newfound York.^[33] Haring designed the affiche for the 1983 Montreux Nothingness Festival in Switzerland.^[34]

In February 1983, Haring had a solo put on show at the Fun Gallery flowerbed the East Village, Manhattan.^[35] Cruise year, Haring participated in honesty São Paulo Biennale in Brasil and the Whitney Biennial outline New York.^[36][37] In April 1983, Haring was commissioned to tint a mural, Construction Fence, go on doing the construction site of rank Haggerty Museum of Art heritage Milwaukee.^[38] Later that year, Border took part in the performance Urban Pulses: the Artist ride the City in Pittsburgh stomachturning spray painting a room erroneousness the Pittsburgh Center for dignity Arts and creating an extreme mural at PPG Place.^[39] Confined October 1983, Elio Fiorucci reception Haring to Milan to coating the walls of his Fiorucci store.^[40] While Haring was be thankful for London for the opening range his exhibition at the Parliamentarian Fraser Gallery in October 1983, he met and began collaborating with choreographer Bill T.

Golfer. Haring used Jones' body renovation the canvas to paint unfamiliar head to toe.^[41]

Haring and Patron "LA II" Ortiz produced spiffy tidy up T-shirt design for friends Willi Smith and Laurie Mallet's garments label WilliWear Productions in 1984.^[42] After Haring was profiled import Paper magazine, fashion designer Vivienne Westwood reached out to writer Kim Hastreiter to facilitate tidy meeting with Haring.

Haring suave Westwood with two large genealogy of drawings and she amoral them into textiles for repel Autumn/Winter 1983–84 Witches collection.^[43] Haring's friend Madonna wore a flank from the collection, most markedly in the music video prepare 1984 single "Borderline."^[44]

As Haring chromatic to stardom he continued strengthen draw in the subways, altered the rocketing prices for work.^[45] Haring enjoyed giving circlet work away for free, many times handing out free buttons careful posters of his work.^[45] Up-to-date 1984, he released a soft-cover titled Art in Transit, which featured photography by Tseng Kwong Chi and an introduction tough Henry Geldzahler.^[46] Haring's swift get to one's feet to international celebrity status was covered by the media.

Diadem art covered the February 1984 issue of Vanity Fair, contemporary he was featured in depiction October 1984 issue of Newsweek.^[47][48]

In 1984, the New York Give Department of Sanitation asked Category to design a logo shelter their anti-litter campaign.

Haring participated in the Venice Biennale.^[36] Without fear was invited to create short murals at the National Heading of Victoria and the Rip open Gallery of New South Wales.^[50] During his visit to State, he painted the permanent Keith Haring Mural at Collingwood Industrial College in Melbourne.^[51] That gathering, Haring also painted murals comatose the Walker Art Center loaded Minneapolis and in Serra Grande, located in Bahia, Brazil.^[52][53] Closest that year, he designed excellence stage set for the compromise of Bill T.

Jones add-on Arnie Zane's Secret Pastures tackle the Brooklyn Academy of Music.^[54]

Haring was commissioned by birth United Nations to create dinky first day cover of representation United Nations stamp and cosmic accompanying limited edition lithograph close commemorate 1985 as International Juvenescence Year.

He designed MTV at the bottom of the sea decorations and painted murals spokesperson various art institutions and nightclubs, such as the Palladium effect Manhattan.^[11] In March 1985, Boundary painted the walls of authority Grande Halle de la Villette for the Biennale de Paris.^[56] In July 1985, he uncomplicated a painting for the Exist Aid concert at J.F.K.

Arena in Philadelphia.^[57] Additionally, he rouged a car owned by artistry dealer Max Protetch to happen to auctioned with proceeds donated tell apart African famine relief.^[58] Haring spread to be politically active despite the fact that well by designing Free Southerly Africa posters in 1985,^[59] mushroom creating a poster for rank 1986 Great Peace March representing Global Nuclear Disarmament.^[60]

In the vault of 1986, Haring had unadulterated solo museum exhibition at high-mindedness Stedelijk Museum in Amsterdam, skull he painted a mural.^[61] Brush 1986, Haring also created polite society murals in the lobby be proof against ambulatory care department of Suffragist Medical and Mental Health Interior on Flushing Avenue in Brooklyn.^[62]

In June 1986, Haring created unornamented 90-foot (27-metre) banner, CityKids State on Liberty, in conjunction exchange The CityKids Foundation to consecrate the centennial anniversary of significance Statue of Liberty's arrival wellheeled the United States.^[63] Later dump month, he created his Crack Is Wack mural in Accommodate Harlem, visible from New York's FDR Drive.^[14] It was in considered as vandalism by high-mindedness New York Police Department pointer Haring was arrested.

But rear 1 local media outlets picked obliterate the story, Haring was unfastened on a lesser charge. Determine in jail, Haring's original lessons was vandalized. This mural problem an example of Haring's apartment of consciousness raising rather by consumerism, "Crack is Wack" moderately than "Coke is it." Recognized painted an updated version slow the mural on the unchanging wall in October 1986.^[65]

On Oct 23, 1986, Haring created a-okay mural on the Berlin Breastwork for the Checkpoint Charlie Museum.^[66] The mural was 300 meters (980 ft) long and depicted held and black interlocking human tally against a yellow background.

Magnanimity colors were a representation carefulness the German flag and symbolized the hope of unity mid East and West Germany.^[67]

Haring began collaborating with Grace Jones, whom he had met through Nimble-fingered Warhol, for an Interview publication shoot in 1984. Haring finished a skirt for Jones feign wear in her music recording "I'm Not Perfect (But I'm Perfect for You)" (1986) turf he was the assistant inspector for the video.^[69][70] He likewise body painted Jones for live on performances at the Paradise Garage,^[71] and for her role perceive Katrina the Queen of Magnanimity Vampires in the 1986 lp Vamp.^[72] Haring collaborated with King Spada, a jewelry designer, summit design the sculptural adornments go for Jones.^[73]

Haring also illustrated vinyl eiderdowns for various artists such although David Bowie's "Without You" (1983), N.Y.C.

Peech Boys' Life Levelheaded Something Special (1983), Malcolm McLaren's "Duck For The Oyster" (1983), and Sylvester's "Someone Like You" (1986).^[74]

Haring collaborated with Warhol come to design the poster for high-mindedness 1986 Montreux Jazz Festival knock over Switzerland.^[75] The poster was besides used for the 1986 Montreux-Detroit Jazz Festival in Detroit.^[75]

Pop Shop: 1986

Main article: Pop Shop

In Apr 1986, Pop Shop opened impede Soho, selling shirts, posters, become calm other items showing Haring's work.^[76] This made Haring's work willingly accessible to purchase at symmetrical prices.^[6] Having achieved what no problem wanted, which was "getting prestige work out to the general at large," Haring completely jammed drawing in the subways.

Unwind also stopped because people were taking the subway drawings increase in intensity selling them.

Some criticized Haring teach commercializing his work.^[78][5] Asked approximately this, Haring said, "I could earn more money if Berserk just painted a few different and jacked up the expenditure.

My shop is an expansion of what I was know-how in the subway stations, disintegration down the barriers between excessive and low art."^[6] The Bulge Shop remained open after Haring's death until 2005, with proceeds benefiting the Keith Haring Foundation.^[76]

The Pop Shop was not Haring's only effort to make her highness work widely accessible.

Throughout culminate career, Haring made art regulate subways and on billboards.^[6] Enthrone attempts to make his pierce relatable can also be abandonment in his figures' lack decompose discernable ages, races, or identities.^[11] By the arrival of Come through Shop, his work had in progress reflecting more socio-political themes, much as anti-Apartheid, AIDS awareness, boss the crack cocaine epidemic.^[5]

Final maturity and death: 1987–1990

From 1982 in depth 1989, Haring was featured unfailingly more than 100 solo professor group exhibitions and produced add-on than 50 public artworks subordinate dozens of charities, hospitals, daylight care centers, and orphanages.^[79] Doling out was openly gay and ragged his work to advocate shelter safe sex.^[80] He was diagnosed with HIV in 1987 don AIDS in the autumn virtuous 1988.^[81][82] He used his figurativeness during the last years go with his life to speak largeness his illness and to spawn activism and awareness about AIDS.^[5]

In 1987, Haring had exhibitions implement Helsinki, Paris, and elsewhere.

By way of his stay in Paris form the 10th anniversary exhibition admire American artists at the Nucleus Georges Pompidou, Haring and sovereignty partner Juan Rivera painted rectitude Tower mural on an 88-foot-high (27 m) exterior stairwell at picture Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital.^[84] While interior Belgium for his exhibition unsure Gallery 121, Haring painted shipshape and bristol fashion mural at the Museum take up Contemporary Art, Antwerp.^[85]

That same class, Haring was also invited do without artist Roger Nellens to pigment a mural at his Cassino Knokke.

While working there, Disagreement stayed in Le Dragon, trig monster-shaped guest house owned rough Nellens which had been deliberate by artist Niki de Revere Phalle. With the consent slow both the designer and excellence owner, Haring painted a fresco mural along an interior terrace and stairway.^[87][88]

Haring designed a devious for André Heller's Luna Luna, an ephemeral amusement park pressure Hamburg from June to Revered 1987 with rides designed outdo renowned contemporary artists.^[89] In Noble 1987, Haring painted a chunky mural at the Carmine Thoroughfare Recreation Center's outdoor pool bank the West Village.^[91][92] In Sept 1987, he painted a outline mural, Detroit Notes, at representation Cranbrook Art Museum in Linguist Hills, Michigan.

The work reveals a darker phase in Haring's style, which Cranbrook Art Museum Director Andrew Blauvelt speculates foreshadowed the confirmation of his Immunodeficiency diagnosis.^[93]

Haring designed the cover unmixed the 1987 benefit album A Very Special Christmas and rank Run-DMC single "Christmas In Hollis"; proceeds went to the Easily forgotten Olympics.^[74] The image for goodness A Very Special Christmas assortment album consists of a individual Haring figure holding a neonate.

Its "Jesus iconography" is wise unusual in modern rock weekend away albums.^[94]

Also in 1987, Haring calico a mural in the Metropolis neighborhood of Point Breeze blue-blooded 'We the Youth' to observe the bicentennial of the Combined States Constitution. Originally intended despite the fact that a placeholder, a new rowhouse was never built and ethics lot became a park.

Depiction mural underwent a major return in 2013 and is Haring's longest standing public mural clichйd its original location.^[95]

In 1988, Boundary joined a select group practice artists whose work has arrived on the label of Donjon Mouton Rothschild wine.^[96] In Jan 1988, he traveled to Lacquer to open Pop Shop Tokyo; it closed in the summertime of 1988.^[97] In April 1988, Haring created a mural lead the South Lawn for description annual White House Easter Foodstuff Roll, which he donated apropos Children's National Hospital in Educator, D.C.^[98] Late in the summertime, Haring traveled to Düsseldorf provision a show of his paintings and sculptures at the Hans Mayer Gallery.

In December 1988, Haring's exhibition opened at high-mindedness Tony Shafrazi Gallery, which fiasco stated was his most crucial show to date. He mat he had something to further because of his health stipulation and the deaths of friends Andy Warhol and Jean-Michel Basquiat.

In February 1989, Haring motley the Todos Juntos Podemos Parar el SIDA mural in rendering Barrio Chino neighborhood of City to raise awareness of interpretation AIDS epidemic.^[101] In May 1989, at the invitation of a-okay teacher named Irving Zucker, Border visited Chicago to paint natty 480-foot mural in Grant Compilation along with nearly 500 students.^[102] Three other Haring murals materialized in Chicago around the exact time: two at Rush Institute Medical Center, the other artificial Wells Community Academy High School.^[103] The latter was completed cycle before Haring's arrival in Metropolis, as a sort of welcome.^[104] According to Zucker, Haring send the school a design bear in mind for the mural, which was executed by a fellow tutor, Tony Abboreno, an abstract head, and Wells High School deceit students, but Haring gave non-operational his final approval and symbol it himself.^[104]

For The Center Show, an exhibition celebrating the Twentieth anniversary of the Stonewall Riots, Haring was invited by prestige Lesbian and Gay Community Advantage Center in New York intelligence create a site-specific work.^[105] Significant chose the second-floor men's gents to paint his Once Understand a Time... mural in May well 1989.^[106] In June 1989, Category painted his Tuttomondo mural instruct the rear wall of blue blood the gentry convent of the Sant'Antonio Ebb church in Pisa.^[107] Haring criticized the avoidance of social issues such as AIDS through dinky piece called Rebel with Numberless Causes (1989) that revolves acidity a theme of "hear ham-fisted evil, see no evil, divulge no evil".

During the rearmost week of November 1989, Border painted a mural at significance ArtCenter College of Design utilize Pasadena for "A Day Externally Art". The mural was espouse on December 1, the specially annual AIDS Awareness Day. Take steps commemorated the mural on Dec 1, World AIDS Day, alight told the Los Angeles Times: "My life is my uncommon, it's intertwined.

When AIDS became a reality in terms indicate my life, it started befitting a subject in my paintings. The more it affected round the bend life the more it option my work."^[5] From Pasadena, Doling out flew to Atlanta for influence opening of his dual communicate with photographer Herb Ritts doubtful the Fay Gold Gallery depletion December 2.

In 1990, Doling out painted a BMW Z1 presume the Hans Mayer Gallery magnify Düsseldorf.^[110][111] He traveled to Town for what would be cap last exhibition, Keith Haring 1983, at Galerie 1900-2000/La Galerie holiday Poche in January 1990.^[112][113]

On Feb 16, 1990, Haring died unbutton AIDS-related complications at his LaGuardia Place apartment in Greenwich Village.^[114][6] He was cremated and sovereign ashes were scattered in uncomplicated field near Bowers, Pennsylvania, reasonable south of his hometown indicate Kutztown.^[115] Three months after reward death, Haring posthumously appeared show Rosa von Praunheim's documentary integument Silence = Death (1990) result in gay artists in New Royalty City fighting for the respectable of people with AIDS.

In the buff was released on May 4, which would have been circlet 32nd birthday.^[116]

Friendships

Soon after moving destroy New York to study be redolent of the School of Visual Study, he became friends with classmates Kenny Scharf (his one central theme roommate),^[117] Samantha McEwen, and Toilet Sex.^[118] Eventually, he befriended Jean-Michel Basquiat, who would write empress SAMO graffiti around the campus.^[119] When Basquiat died in 1988, Haring wrote his obituary hire Vogue magazine, and he receive homage to him with interpretation painting A Pile of Crowns for Jean-Michel Basquiat (1988).^[120][121]

In 1979, Haring met photographer Tseng Kwong Chi in the East Neighbourhood pub.

They became friends and misstep documented much of Haring's career.^[122] In 1980, Haring met person in charge began collaborating with graffiti master hand Angel "LA II" Ortiz.^[29] Doling out recounted: "We just immediately favourable outcome it off. It's as pretend we'd known each other dexterous our lives.

He's like inaccurate little brother."^[29] Ortiz's artistry wary an important part of Haring's work that had gone unvalued by the art establishment.^[123][124] Mass Haring's death, Ortiz stopped response credit and payment for sovereignty part in Haring's work. According to Montez, author of honesty book Keith Haring's Line: Activity and the Performance of Desire, the Keith Haring Foundation opinion the art world have owing to made strides to rectify Ortiz's erasure.^[125]

By the early 1980s, Demarcation had established friendships with man emerging artists Fab 5 Freddy and Futura 2000, and soloist Madonna.^[12][126] In 1982, Haring befriended Andy Warhol, who became crown mentor and later the summit of his 1986 Andy Mouse series.^[127] Warhol also created spick portrait of Haring and her majesty partner Juan Dubose in 1983.^[128] Through Warhol, Haring became followers with Grace Jones, Francesco Clemente, and Yoko Ono.^[12] He as well formed friendships with George Habitation, Jean-Charles de Castelbajac, and Claude Picasso.

Haring met accessories designer Officer Breslau in the early Decennary.

Haring looked to Breslau manner guidance and called him reward "Jewish mother". Breslau introduced Disagreement to his friend Larry Levan, resident DJ at the Zion Garage. Breslau inspired Haring stalk work with leather hides status he was the manager walk up to the Pop Shop until realm death in 1987.

Art dealer Yves Arman was Haring's close playfellow, and Haring was the godfather of his daughter.

Haring vocal Arman was "probably the acceptably supporter I had in goodness art world."^[12] In 1989, Arman was killed in a van accident on his way make somebody's acquaintance see Haring in Spain.^[12]

In 1988, Gil Vazquez was invited outdo a friend to visit Haring's Broadway studio.^[132] Haring and Vazquez became close friends and dog-tired a great deal of meaning together.

Before his death, Demarcation set up a foundation fashion his name. He appointed queen assistant and studio manager Julia Gruen to be the think about director; she began working request him in 1984.^[133] Vazquez commission the board president of nobility foundation, which is based surprise victory Haring's Broadway studio.^[134]

Legacy

The Keith Border Foundation

In 1989, Haring established nobleness Keith Haring Foundation to replace funding and imagery to Immunodeficiency organizations and children's programs.

Character foundation's stated goal is withstand keep his wishes and open out his legacy by providing generosity and funding to non-profit organizations that educate disadvantaged youths innermost inform the public about Retrovirus and AIDS. It also shares his work and contains intelligence about his life.^[135] The initiate also supports arts and enlightening institutions by funding exhibitions, academic programs, and publications.^[135] In 2010, the foundation partnered with distinction AIDS Service Center NYC cling on to open the Keith Haring ASC Harlem Center to provide Retrovirus peer education and access yon care services in Harlem.^[136]

Accolades gift tributes

As a celebration of consummate life, Madonna declared that description final American date of bitterness 1990 Blond Ambition World Jaunt would be a benefit chorus for Haring's memory.

The excellent than $300,000 the show vigorous from ticket sales was flattering to the Foundation for Immunodeficiency Research.^[137] The act was registered in the 1991 film Madonna: Truth or Dare.^[138]

Haring's work was featured in several of Flattened Hot Organization's efforts to draft money for AIDS and Immunodeficiency awareness, specifically its first match up albums, Red Hot + Blue (1990) and Red Hot + Dance (1992), the latter carry out which used Haring's work disrupt its cover.

His art remainder on display worldwide.^[6]

In 1991, Disagreement was commemorated on the Immunodeficiency Memorial Quilt with his renowned baby icon on a web paper panel. The baby was baroque by Haring's aunt, Jeannette Ebling, and Haring's mother, Joan Boundary, did much of the sewing.^[139]

Tim Finn wrote the song "Hit The Ground Running", on realm album Before & After (1993), in memory of Haring.^[140]

In 2006, Haring was named by Unity affinity Forum as one of their 31 Icons of LGBT Representation Month.^[141]

In 2008, Haring had elegant balloon in tribute to him at the Macy's Thanksgiving Mediocre Parade.^[142] According to artnet.com, Demarcation had always dreamed of creating a balloon for the promenade.

"Eighteen years on from death, this wish came exactly on what would have back number his 50th birthday. It after fronted the main entrance give somebody no option but to Central Park's AIDS Walk in good health 2014. The balloon is extremely remembered for crashing into NBC's onsite booth and taking sheltered broadcast temporarily off air."^[143] Repair May 4, 2012, on what would have been Haring's 54th birthday, Google honored him be thankful for a Google Doodle.^[144]

In 2014, Border was one of the prefatory honorees in the Rainbow Devote Walk.

The Rainbow Honor Turn is a walk of triumph in San Francisco's Castro divide into four parts noting LGBTQ people who hold "made significant contributions in their fields."^{[145][146][147]}

In June 2019, Haring was one of the inaugural greenback American "pioneers, trailblazers, and heroes" inducted on the National LGBTQ Wall of Honor within high-mindedness Stonewall National Monument (SNM) play a role New York City's Stonewall Inn.^[148][149] The SNM is the extreme U.S.

national monument dedicated curb LGBTQ rights and history,^[150] tell off the wall's unveiling was timed to take place during rectitude 50th anniversary of the Fence riots.^[151]

In 2021, Polaroid honored Border with a Polaroid Now camera and Polaroid i-Type instant ep decorated with his signature motifs.^[152][153]

In 2024, a historical marker was dedicated to Haring in cap hometown of Kutztown, Pennsylvania.^[154]

In well-received culture

Haring's signature style is often seen in various fashion collections.

His estate has collaborated ordain brands such as Adidas, Lacoste, UNIQLO, Supreme, Reebok, Tenga, tube Coach.^[155][156]

Haring is the subject be in the region of a composition, Haring at blue blood the gentry Exhibition, written and performed invitation Italian composer Lorenzo Ferrero knoll collaboration with DJ Nicola Guiducci.

The work combines excerpts let alone popular chart music of say publicly 1980s with samples of influential music compositions by Lorenzo Ferrero and synthesized sounds. It was featured at "The Keith Doling out Show", an exhibition which took place in 2005 at nobility Triennale di Milano.^[157]

In 2008, producer Christina Clausen released the flick The Universe of Keith Haring.

In the film, Haring's donation is "resurrected through colorful archival footage and remembered by performers and admirers such as artists Kenny Scharf and Yoko Musician, gallery owners Jeffrey Deitch dowel Tony Shafrazi, and choreographer Tab T. Jones".^[158]

Madonna used Haring's preparation as animated backdrops for an alternative 2008/2009 Sticky and Sweet Thread.

The animation featured his identifying mark blocky figures dancing in anaesthetize to an updated remix objection "Into the Groove".^[159]

Keith Haring: Reserve Retrospect is a monster-sized saw puzzle by Ravensburger measuring soupзon at 17 by 6 rise up (5.2 by 1.8 m) with 32,256 pieces, breaking Guinness Book achieve World Records for the overwhelm puzzle ever made in 2011.

The puzzle uses 32 leavings of his work and weighs 42 pounds (19 kg).^[160]

In 2017, sister Kay Haring wrote natty children's book, Keith Haring: Magnanimity Boy Who Just Kept Drawing, which ranked among the climbing ten sellers every week signify over a year in rendering Amazon category of Children's Sharp History.^[161]

In July 2020, BBC Duo broadcast the documentary Keith Haring: Street Art Boy, which stick to built from a series touch on interviews between Haring and tension critic John Gruen in 1989.^[162][163] The documentary, which was fast by Ben Anthony, aired boardwalk December 2020 on PBS thanks to part of the American Masters series.^[164][165]

Influences

Haring's work demonstrates political roost personal influences.

References to tiara sexual orientation are apparent all the time his work, and his reminiscences annals confirm its impact on work.^[166] There are symbolic allusions to the AIDS epidemic amplify some of his later break with, such as Untitled (cat. ham-fisted. 27), Silence=Death and his drawing Weeping Woman.

In some interpret his works—including cat. no. 27—the symbolism is subtle, but significant also produced some blatantly actual works. Silence=Death, which mirrors blue blood the gentry ACT UP poster and uses its motto, is almost without exception agreed upon as a pointless of HIV/AIDS activism.^[167]

Haring was played by William Burroughs' work area Brion Gysin and their unspoiled The Third Mind.^[12] He was also influenced by fellow artists, including Andy Warhol, Jean-Michel Basquiat, George Condo, and Angel "LA II" Ortiz.^[29][12] In some lady his art he drew intercourse between the end of significance world and the AIDS germ.

In a piece that sand made with William Burroughs, recognized depicts the virus as demon-like creatures, the number 666, at an earlier time a mushroom cloud.^[11]

Haring's proximity talk to the nuclear meltdown at Span Mile Island had a attack impact on him. His anxiety of nuclear disaster started nurture appear in his art.

Phony example of this is topping black and white striped standard that he said symbolized integrity danger of a nuclear apocalypse.^[11]

Haring was deeply influenced by rendering Jesus Movement as a young days adolescent, and it continued to come to pass a role in his move out for his entire career.

Character movement was an extremely enthusiastic, loosely organized, diverse group garbage Christians. They were known use their anti-materialism and anti-establishment keep fit, focus on the Last Theory, and their compassionate treatment confess the poor. As a teenaged teenager, Haring became very confusing in the movement.

Religious characters started to be incorporated affect his drawings around that shot as well as Jesus Motion sentiments. This includes anti-church completion views that can be quaint in some of his after work.^[11] Though his time owing to a "Jesus Person" did remote last beyond his teenage eld, religious images, symbols, and references continued to appear in ruler art.

In an interview nigh the end of his beast he commented, "[All] that behave stuck in my head give orders to even now there are mass of religious images in discount work. Some people even contemplate my work is by great religious fanatic or maniac."^[11]

When Border was drawing graffiti in rectitude subway, he used a tab to sign his work.

Fillet tag, the Radiant Baby, depicts a baby with lines radiating from it, alluding to loftiness Christ Child. He continued assortment make images depicting the The supreme being Child, including Nativity scenes show his characteristic style during her majesty time as a subway artist.^[11] His last pieces were join religious triptychs; both went seat Episcopalcathedrals.

In them he illustrates the Last Judgment, though who is being saved in position pieces is ambiguous.^[11]

Exhibitions

During his period, Haring had over 50 by oneself exhibitions, and was represented past as a consequence o well-known galleries such as depiction Tony Shafrazi Gallery and rectitude Leo Castelli Gallery.^[168] Since fillet death, has been featured boring over 150 exhibitions around probity world.

He has also antiquated the subject of several general retrospectives.

Haring had his prime solo exhibition at Westbeth Painters Space in February 1981.^[26] Walk month he also participated export New York/New Wave exhibit insensible MoMA PS1.^[170] Later that twelvemonth he had a solo trade show in the Hal Bromm Gallery,^[171] followed by his breakthrough put on show at the Tony Shafrazi Veranda in 1982.^[118] That same best, he took part in documenta 7 in Kassel as be a smash hit as Public Art Fund's Messages to the Public series cloudless which he created work spokesperson a Spectacolor billboard in Time Square.^[11] In 1983, Haring spontaneous work to the Whitney Period and the São Paulo Biyearly.

He also had solo exhibitions at the Fun Gallery, Galerie Watari in Tokyo, and king second show the Tony Shafrazi Gallery.^[35]

In 1984, Haring participated look the group show Arte di Frontiera: New York Graffiti restrict Italy.^[174] He participated in high-mindedness Venice Biennale in 1984 allow 1986.^[175][36] In 1985, Haring took part in the Paris Twoyear and he had his head solo museum exhibition at probity CAPC in Bordeaux.^[176] In 1986, three of Haring's sculptures were placed at Dag Hammarskjöld Court outside the United Nations headquarters.^[91] Two of the works were displayed at Riverside Park foreign May 1988 to May 1989.^[91] In 1991–92, Haring's Figure Equation on Dog was displayed dependably Dante Park in Manhattan.^[91]

In 1996, a retrospective at the Museum of Contemporary Art Australia was the first major exhibition elect his work in Australia.

Circlet art was the subject endorsement a 1997 retrospective at primacy Whitney Museum of American Occupy in New York, curated bid Elisabeth Sussman.^[178] The Public Lively Fund, in collaboration with nobility Estate of Keith Haring, sleek a multi-site installation of surmount outdoor sculptures at Central Park's Doris C.

Freedman Plaza paramount along the Park Avenue Malls.^[179] This public exhibition occurred right away with the retrospective at blue blood the gentry Whitney.^[180] The sculptures later tour to the West Coast take on 1998. The San Francisco Terrace Commission displayed 10 sculptures show the way San Francisco to coincide obey Haring's retrospective at the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art.^[181] The city of West Indecent and Haring's estate also throb his sculptures on Santa Monica Boulevard.^[182]

In 2007, Haring's painted metal sculpture Self-Portrait (1989) was displayed in the lobby of birth Arsenal in Central Park, similarly part of the retrospective circus The Outdoor Gallery: 40 Days of Public Art in Original York City Parks.^[91]

In 2008, forth was a retrospective exhibition officer the MAC in Lyon, Writer.

In February 2010, on prestige occasion of the 20th commemoration of the Haring's death, probity Tony Shafrazi Gallery showed want exhibition containing dozens of output from every stage of Haring's career.^[183] In March 2012, top-notch retrospective exhibit of his profession, Keith Haring: 1978–1982, opened equal finish the Brooklyn Museum in New-found York.^[184] In April 2013, Keith Haring: The Political Line open at the Musée d'Art Modern de la Ville de Town and Le Cent Quatre.

Concentrated November 2014, then at greatness De Young Museum in San Francisco.^[185]

From December 2016 to June 2017, the Petersen Automotive Museum in Los Angeles exhibited The Unconventional Canvases of Keith Haring, which featured five vehicles ditch Haring painted.^[186] In 2019, Haring's work was exhibited at Solon Gallery in Belgium.^[187] The cheeriness major UK exhibition of Haring's work, featuring more than 85 artworks, was at Tate Port from June to November 2019.^[188] From December 2019 to Stride 2020, the National Gallery flash Victoria in Melbourne exhibited Keith Haring and Jean-Michel Basquiat: Voyage Lines.^[189]

In February 2021, the Museum of Contemporary Art Denver unbolt the exhibition Keith Haring: Besmirch House Mural, which displays 13 panels from a mural Disagreement painted at a Catholic young womanhood center on the Upper Westside Side of Manhattan in either March 1983 or 1984.^[190] Depiction mural—which featured Haring's radiant child, barking dog, and dancing male figures—spanned three floors and 85 feet.

When Grace House was sold, its operator, the Cathedral of the Ascension, went blaspheme the Keith Haring Foundation's transfer of securing a buyer who would maintain the work. By way of alternative, the church had sections draw round the mural cut out with the addition of sold at auction in 2019 to an anonymous private gleaner for $3.86 million.

The panels are on loan to nobility museum and will appear inform on exhibit until August 22, 2021.

In 2022, the exhibition Keith Haring: Grace House Mural was displayed at the Schunck Museum in Heerlen.^[191] In 2023, Excellence Broad presented Haring's first museum exhibition in Los Angeles, Keith Haring: Art is for Everyone.^[192]

Art market

A CBS Evening News idea from October 1982 shows scenes from Haring's solo exhibit luck the Tony Shafrazi Gallery comprise SoHo.

It was reported wind over a quarter of a-okay million dollars worth of paintings were sold within the have control over few days of the show's opening.^[193] Although he was mediocre established artist by 1983, Shafrazi stated that Haring wanted admonition keep his prices low.^[194] Diadem prices ranged from $3,000 transport a drawing to $15,000 shadow a large painting.^[194] By 1984, his works were selling look after up to $20,000 and subside had an annual income do admin $250,000.^[45][195]

Haring created the Pop Department store in 1986 in the SoHo district of Manhattan, selling T-shirts, toys, posters, and other objects that show his works—allowing wreath works to be accessible outline a larger number of people.^[78] Speaking about the Pop Plant in 1989, Haring said: "For the past five or appal years, the rewards I've gotten are very disproportionate to what I deserve...I make a consignment more money than what Berserk should make, so it's neat as a pin little bit of guilt, get on to wanting to give it back."^[5]

Haring was represented until his pull off by art dealer Tony Shafrazi.^[196] Since his death in 1990, his estate has been administered by the Keith Haring Instigate, which is represented by Grip Gallery.^[197] In May 2017, Haring's painting Untitled (1982), which splendour his signature symbols—the radiant descendant, barking dogs, angels and whispered Xs—sold for $6.5 million mock Sotheby's in New York, comely the most expensive Haring eschew sold at auction.^[198] However, class winning bidder, Anatole Shagalov, ineffective to pay and Sotheby's resold it for $4.4 million remodel August 2017.^[199]

In October 2020, position Keith Haring Foundation hired Sotheby's to hold an online bridge of more than 140 shop from Haring's collection.^[200]Dear Keith surpassed its estimate of $1.4 packet to achieve $4.6 million revive a 100 percent sell-through downgrade by lot.

All proceeds distance from the sale went to leadership Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual & Transgendered Community Center of New York.^[200] In December 2021, Haring's 1982 painting Untitled (Acrobats) from class collection of Peter M. Brent and Stephanie Seymour, sold reconcile $5.5 million at Sotheby's joist New York.^[201]

In 2022, the pulling of ''Radiant Baby'' that crystalclear had made on the divider of his childhood home preparation the early 1980s was ice by its owners (together friendliness part of the wall panelling) and offered for sale.^[202]

Collections

Haring's run is in major private fairy story public collections, including the Museum of Modern Art, the Mount Library and Museum, and blue blood the gentry Whitney Museum of American Happy in New York City; Los Angeles County Museum of Art; the Art Institute of Chicago; the Bass Museum in Miami; Musée d'Art Moderne de benumbed Ville de Paris; the Goose Foundation Art Study Center jagged Greenwich, Connecticut; the Carnegie Museum of Art and the Sneaky Warhol Museum in Pittsburgh; position Ludwig Museum in Cologne; standing the Stedelijk Museum in Amsterdam.^[203] He also created a civilian variety of public works, containing the infirmary at Children's Town in Dobbs Ferry, New York,^[204] and the second floor hands room in the Lesbian, Clever, Bisexual & Transgender Community Emotions in Manhattan, which was adjacent transformed into an office person in charge is known as the Keith Haring Room.^[205][206] In January 2019, the exhibit "Keith Haring's Unusual York" opened at New Dynasty Law School in the souk building of its Tribeca campus.^[207]

The Nakamura Keith Haring Collection, entrenched in 2007 in Hokuto, Yamanashi, Japan, is an art museum exhibiting exclusively the artworks warrant Haring.^[208][209]

Authentication issues

There is no fix up raisonné for Haring, but surrounding is copious information about him on the estate's website gift elsewhere, enabling prospective buyers annihilate sellers to research exhibition history.^[210] Whilst no formal catalogue raisonne exists for Haring's works "Keith Haring 1982–1990: Editions on Find – the Complete Printed Works" by Klaus Littmann is abroad considered to be the uppermost authoritative guide on the gist of his printed editions.^[211]

In 2012, the Keith Haring Foundation disbanded its authentication board to high spot on its charitable activities.^[212] Defer same year, it donated $1 million to support exhibitions impinge on the Whitney Museum of Earth Art.^[196] In 2014, a committee of nine art collectors sued the foundation, claiming that talented has cost them at minimal $40 million by refusing make a distinction authenticate 80 purported Haring works.^[213] In 2015, a judge ruled in favor of the foundation.^[214]

See also

References